If I Had a Hammer

(by Pete Seeger and Lee Hayes)





1. If I had a hammer,
I’d hammer in the morning
I’d hammer in the evening
All over this land

I’d hammer out danger,
I’d hammer out warning,
I’d hammer out love
Between my brothers and my sisters
All over this land







2. If I had a bell,
I’d ring it in the morning,
I’d ring it in the evening
All over this land

I’d ring out danger,
I’d ring out warning,
I’d ring out love
Between my brothers and my sisters
All over this land



3. If I had a song,
I’d sing it in the morning,
I’d sing it in the evening,
All over this land.

I’d sing out danger,
I’d sing out warning,
I’d sing out love
Between my brothers and my sisters
All over this land.



4. Well, I’ve got a hammer,
And I’ve got a bell,
And I’ve got a song to sing
All over this land






It’s the hammer of justice;
It’s the bell of freedom;
It’s the song about love
Between my brothers and my sisters
All over this land.

It’s the hammer of justice;
It’s the bell of freedom;
It’s the song about love
Between my brothers and my sisters
All over this land.


VOCABLARY
1. What is a synonym (in the song) that means exposure to harm, injury, risk, or peril ______________
2. In this song, who are “my brothers and my sisters”? ______________
3. In this song, what does “land” mean in “all over this land”?
_____________________________________________________________
4. What is the “hammer of justice”?_______________________________
5. What is the “bell of freedom?__________________________________

GRAMMAR
6. “If I had” = if + past tense means IT IS NOT TRUE (contrary to fact)
for example, If I had a new house = I don’t have a new house
If I had a million dollars = I don’t have a million dollars

Tell me something that you wish you had . . .
a. If I had ___________________________

7. Following this clause, you should use WOULD or COULD + BASE form of the verb.
For example, If I had a a lot of money, I would/could buy a new car.
Tell me something you wish you had, and what would or could you do?
a. If I had_______________________________________________________

8. Use an “if” clause with a past tense verb and continue the sentence with a WOULD or COULD clause.
For example, If I went to China in the summer, I would be able to see the Olympics.
If I ate cake for breakfast every day, I would get very fat.

You write your own sentence.
a. ________________________________________________________

9. When you use “be” with “if”, use “were” (for every person – I, you, he, she, we, they, Sally my mother).
For example: If I were taller, I could reach the top shelf.
If my brother were here, I would ask him to help me.

You write your own sentence.
a. ________________________________________________________

Being Number One

When Peter got a mad mark in school, his mother scolded him. “Last year I was proud of you,” she said. “You were the best pupil in the class.”
The little boy was ashamed, but then he thought a moment. He looked at his mother with a smile and said, “But Mother, other mothers also want to be proud of their children, and that would be impossible if I were
always first.”


A. What excuse did Peter give for not being first? (Which is the correct answer?)
1. He wanted other mothers to be proud of their children.
2. He didn’t like his teacher.
3. He didn’t go to school every day.
4. He liked his friends.
B. Find antonyms for these words and their parts of speech.
1. last year ______________
2. good _____________
3. praised _____________
4. ashamed _____________
5. the worst _____________
6. a long time _____________
7. possible _____________
8, never _____________
9. teacher _____________
10. the grown man _____________

C. Rewrite these sentences. Change the verbs to the negative.
1. He got a good mark.

2. I was proud of you.
_______________________________________________________________
3. He thought a long time.

4. He looked at his mother.
____________________________________________________________________
5. I am always first.

6. Write your own sentences:
a. (a statement)
_________________________________________________________________

b. (Make the same statement negative.)


D. Tag questions follow statements. Always use the same tense.
Examples: a. Your daughter lives with you, doesn’t she?
b. Your daughter doesn’t live with you, does she?
c. You lived in China before you came here, didn’t you?
d. You were late yesterday, weren’t you

1. He got a good mark, __________________________?

2. He writes emails to his friends every day, ____________________?

3. Her friend was very nervous at her wedding, _________________?

4. Your husband thought about the problem for a long time _________________?

5. Many people are in economic trouble, __________________?
6. Your wife won’t be cooking tonight ____________________?
7. She isn’t feeling well, _____________________?
Write two sentences and add tag questions to them:
8.

9.________________________________________________________





E. Answer the questions in Section D.
Examples: a. No, she doesn’t. or Yes, she does.
b. Yes, she does. or No, she doesn’t.
c. Yes, I did. or No, I didn’t.
d. Yes, I was. or No, I wasn’t.

1.______________________________

2. ______________________________

3. ______________________________

4. ______________________________

5. ______________________________

6. ______________________________

7. ______________________________

8. ______________________________

9. ______________________________

F. GRAMMAR
CONDITIONAL – contrary to fact in the present/future
IF clause + simple past result clause WOULD/COULD + base form of verb
Examples: If I had enough money, I would/could buy a new car.
If I were* rich, I would take a trip to Australia.
If he went to Las Vegas, he would have a great time.

• In contrary-to-fact sentences with IF, use WERE for all subjects not “was”
If the weather were nicer, we’d go to the beach.

“If I were always first, it would be impossible for other mothers to be proud of their children.”

1. If I (have) __________ more time, I _____________________________________.
2. If I (know) __________ how to swim, I ___________________________________.
3. If it (be) ______________Saturday, I _____________________________________.
4. If money (grow) on trees, we all (be) _____________________________________.
5. My husband is very tired. If he (be not) ______________________so tired, he (go)
_______________________ to the movies with you.
6. My friend (drive) _____________________ if she (pass) ______________________ her driver’s test.
7. She (go) ____________________ to Singapore if airplane tickets (be) __________________ less expensive.
8. What would you do if you were a photographer?
If I

9. What would you do if you had a new car?
If I

10. What could you buy if you had a million dollars?
If I
_______________________________________________________________________
F. CONVERSATION
Please talk to your partner and then write your opinions.
If you were not successful in something that you really wanted to succeed in, how would you feel about yourself? Also, how do you think other people would judge you?
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


Here’s an expression you can think about:

If at first you don’t succeed, try, try again.

Rock Around The Clock (1956)

1.
One, two, three o'clock, four o'clock, rock,
Five, six, seven o'clock, eight o'clock, rock,
Nine, ten, eleven o'clock, twelve o'clock, rock,
We're gonna rock around the clock tonight.

Put your glad rags on and join me, hon,
We'll have some fun when the clock strikes one,

CHORUS
We're gonna rock around the clock tonight,
We're gonna rock, rock, rock, 'til broad daylight.
We're gonna rock, gonna rock, around the clock tonight.

2.
When the clock strikes two, three and four,
If the band slows down we'll yell for more,
CHORUS
3.
When the chimes ring five, six and seven,
We'll be right in seventh heaven.
CHORUS
4.
When it's eight, nine, ten, eleven too,
I'll be goin' strong and so will you.
CHORUS

5.
When the clock strikes twelve, we'll cool off then,
Start a rockin' round the clock again.
CHORUS

VOCABULARY

1. Rock around the clock. Rock refers to rock dancing – dancing to rock ‘n’ roll music.


2. Gonna is slang for going to (future be + going to (infinitive)
Example: a. I’m going to go to school tomorrow.
Slang: I’m gonna go to school tomorrow.

b. She’s going to leave early today.
Slang: She’s gonna leave early today.

c. Are you going to play mahjong this evening?
Slang: Are you gonna play mahjong this evening?

Your turn:
d. We_____________________________________________
Slang: We’re gonna rock around the clock tonight.

e. Write your own sentence using standard English using be + going to + infinitive

Say (and write ) this same sentence using gonna .

3. Look at the song and write synonyms or idioms for these words:
A. fancy clothes ___________________________________
B. sweetheart ____________________________________
C. When it becomes one o’clock. ________________________________
D. A group of musicians _________________________________________
E. Very very happy ______________________________________________
F. Not too tired to stop __________________________________________
G. Stop for a while _____________________________________________
H. the time when the sun is shining ________________________________

4. RHYMES
A rhyme is a repetition of similar sounds in two or more words and is most often used in poetry and songs. Eat rhymes with meat
Made rhymes with aid
The spelling does not have to be the same. The SOUNDS have to be the same.

What words rhyme in the song?
Example: A. FUN and ONE rhyme with HON’.
Talk to your partner and find the other rhymes.
B. daylight rhymes with _______________________________
C. more ____________________________________________
D. heaven _____________________________________________
E. you ___________________________________________________
F. again ___________________________________________________

GRAMMAR

How do you say ALSO, that you do or do not do the same thing.
Examples: A: I am a student. B: So am I. (verb to be)
A: I have two sisters. B: So do I.
(verb to have, in present tense, use do or does)
A: She has two sisters. B: So does Sally.
A: I bought a book for my class. B: So did I.
(verb to buy in past tense use did)
A: I will be here tomorrow. B: So will I.
A: I will take the exam on Monday. B: So will she.
A: She’s going to a movie tonight. B: So is her friend.

Your turn: Please write a sentence and ask your partner to agree with you or say that s/he is, does, or will do the same thing:

1.______________________________________________________________________

2.______________________________________________________________________

3.______________________________________________________________________

4.______________________________________________________________________



Do you like to dance? What kind of dancing do you like to do? Do you know how to rock ‘n’ roll dance? Do you think rock dancing is only for young people? Why or why not?

Talk to your partner and then write your own thoughts.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Rock 'N' Roll Bands

What are some of the characteristics of rock music? There are three basic parts, and these depend on the drummer, the guitarists, and the singer. The drummer plays loud, complicated rhythms. These serve as a foundation for the entire song. The guitarists provide the melody and harmony. The singer or singers sing loudly above all the music; they sing about today’s problems and about today’s youth. Sometimes these three elements blend into a beautiful musical experience; sometimes they produce only noise. Good or bad, this is rock music – the popular music of all young people and some older people today.
VOCABULARY
1. Look at the story. Find these words. Tell me what part of speech you think they are. (noun, pronoun, verb, adjective, adverb, preposition)
a. characteristics ___________________________________
b. basic ___________________________________
c. complicated ____________________________________
d. rhythms ____________________________________
e. foundation ____________________________________
f. entire ____________________________________
g. the melody ____________________________________
h. the harmony ____________________________________
i. elements ____________________________________
j. youth ___________________________________
k. blend ___________________________________
l. musical ____________________________________
m. produce ___________________________________
n. noise ____________________________________
o. popular ____________________________________
p. young ____________________________________
q. older ___________________________________
r. people ____________________________________

2. Give synonyms for these words and definitions:
a. fundamental ______________________________________
b. intricate______________________________________
c. whole______________________________________
d. give______________________________________
e. young people______________________________________
f. features that distinguish people or things __________________
g. the tempo or speed of a beat (in music) -------____________________
h. anything that accompanies the melody. Often it can occur as chords,
which are simply a few notes played simultaneously. _____________
i. parts of the whole thing _____________________
j. approved by the general public ______________________



GRAMMAR
Adverbs add to the verb Many adverbs end in “ly”
Adverbs answer the questions How? When? Where?
Example: She drives slowly. He drives fast. (How fast does s/he drive?)
1. They sing loudly.
Your turn:
2. ____________________________________softly.
3. _____________________________________badly.
4. _______________________________________beautifully.
5. ______________________________________clearly.
6. ______________________________________well.

Draw a line from the players in Column 1 to the instruments in Column 2
1 2
pianist guitar
violinist drums
guitarist flute
drummer cello
cellist violin
flutist piano

Your turn: Please write sentences using the words in the above exercise:
1. ________________________________________________________
2. ________________________________________________________
3. ________________________________________________________
4. ________________________________________________________
5. ________________________________________________________
6.________________________________________________________
CONVERSATION
Talk to your partner. Then write your answers in complete sentences.
1. How many basic parts are there in rock music?


2. Who plays the loud rhythms?



3. What do the guitarists provide?



4. What do rock songs tell about?



5. Is rock music always beautiful?



6. What kind of music do you like? Why do you like that kind of music?

When You're Smiling

When you're smiling,
When you're smiling,
The whole world smiles with you.

When you're laughing,
When you're laughing,
The sun comes shining through.

But when you're crying,
You bring on the rain.
So stop your sighing.
Be happy again.

Keep on smiling.
‘Cause when you're smiling
The whole world smiles with you


A: GRAMMAR

Present Continuous Tense = verb to be + ing
happening right now
Or happening in the future

Examples: I am listening to you right now.
I am spending time with my mother this weekend.
And ….. I am going to spend time with my mother this weekend.


Look at the words in this song, and write the present continuous tense verbs:
1.
2.
3.
4.


Are there other ING words? What are they? How are they used?

5.
6.

B: What’s the difference between WHOLE and ALL THE ?
Examples: I ate the whole banana.
She read the whole book.

Please write all the (your) information.
All the furniture was made in Mexico.
I heard all the news.

Please write two sentences:
(the whole) ________________________________________________________
(all the/ ___________________________________________________________

My whole your whole his whole etc.
My whole family loves to watch soccer.
____________________________________________________________________

All my brothers live in China.
all my /all your/ all his/ all her/ all our/ all their )


C: CONVERSATION Talk to your partner. Then write what you think.

How can your mood change a situation? Talk about MOODS with your partner.
Are you ever in a happy mood? a sad mood? an angry mood?

The Boy Who Cried Wolf

A shepherd boy who took care of his sheep not far from a village, used to amuse himself by crying out, “Wolf, wolf!” Two or three times his trick succeeded. Everyone in the village came running to help him; however, when they arrived, the boy just laughed.
One day, a wolf really did come; and when the boy cried out in his loudest voice, nobody paid any attention to him. Not only did nobody pay any attention to him, the wolf ate his sheep.
The boy learned, too late, that people will not believe liars even when they tell the truth.

The moral of this story (what you can learn from this story) is this: NEVER CRY WOLF.

**************************
When we think a person is calling for help and really doesn’t need it, we often say this:
“I think s/he’s just crying wolf.”

A: Why didn’t anybody help the boy? Circle the correct answer.
1. Nobody heard him call.
2. The wolf really came.
3. He didn’t cry “wolf.”
4. Nobody believed him.

B: Find synonyms in the reading above for these verbs:
1. watch over; care for_______________________________________
2. had the desired result ______________________________________
3. have a good time; spend the time pleasantly__________________________





C. Write antonyms for these words. Also, tell me what part of speech the words are.
(PART OF SPEECH) ANTONYMS
1. near (preposition) _______________________________
2. whispering (noun) ______________________________
3. failed (______________) _______________________________
4. cried (______________) _______________________________
5. left (______________) _______________________________
6. did go (______________) _______________________________
7. weakest (______________) _______________________________
8. soon (______________) _______________________________
9. everybody (______________) _______________________________
10. lie (______________) _______________________________

D. He used to amuse himself by crying out, “Wolf, wolf.”
used to
means something that no longer exists or no longer is done or you do completely differently.
Examples:
a. I used to smoke, but I don’t do it any more.
b. .My friend used to live in China, but now she lives in the United States.
c. I never used to take the bus, but now I take it every day.
d. She didn’t use to use the Internet to look up spelling words, but now she uses it all the time.
Please write two sentences –
1. something you USED TO DO but don’t do now


2. something you DIDN’T USE TO DO but you do now


E. REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS: I do it myself. We ………ourselves
You …….yourself You ……..yourselves
He ………himself They……..themselves
She………herself
It…………itself
Write new sentences using the words given: He amused himself by crying out, “Wolf.”

1. _________________________playing video games.
2. _________________________watching television.
3. __________________________listening to CDs.
4. __________________________reading comics.
5. _________________________collecting stamps.




F. Rewrite the complete sentences:
1. A shepherd ______ _____________ ______ ____ his sheep.
2. He __________ ____ amuse himself by crying out.
3. _______________ in the village came to help him.
4. The boy ________________ laughed.
5. ______________paid any attention to him.

G. .Write Yes/No questions. Then answer with a short answer.
1. The boy took care of sheep.


___________________________
2. His trick succeeded a few times.


___________________________
3. Everyone in the village helped him.


___________________________
4. A wolf really did come.


___________________________
5. The wolf ate his sheep.


___________________________

H.Write another word you know that comes from the same family as the first word.
Then write a sentence using these words.


1. shepherd (noun) sheep (noun)
a. -------_________________________________________________________
b. -------_________________________________________________________
2. success (noun) __________________________ (adj.)
a. -------_________________________________________________________
b. -------_________________________________________________________
3. arrival (noun) ___________________________ (verb)
a. -------_________________________________________________________
b. -------_________________________________________________________
4. strength (noun) ___________________________ (adj.)
a. -------_________________________________________________________
b. -------_________________________________________________________
5. attentive (adj.) ___________________________ (noun)
a. -------_________________________________________________________
b. -------_________________________________________________________
6. lie (verb) ____________________________ (noun)
a. -------_________________________________________________________
b. -------_________________________________________________________

I. CONVERSATION Talk to your partner. Then write your answer.
Why do you think some people cry wolf?

Little Robert

Little Robert asked his mother for two cents.
“What did you do with the money I gave you yesterday?
“I gave it to a poor old lady,” he answered.
“You’re a good boy,” said the mother proudly. “Here are two cents more. But, tell me, why are you so interested in the old lady?
“She’s the one who sells the candy.”

A. Why did Robert want money?
1. He wanted to help an old lady.
2. He wanted to put it in his bank.
3. He wanted to buy some candy.
4. He wanted to save it.

B. Find (adjective) antonyms from the reading above.
1. big _________________
2. tomorrow___________________
3. rich ______________________
4. young __________________
5. bad __________________




C. Write new sentences with the words given.
Example: He’s a good boy.
1. _______________handsome __________________________
2. _______________strong _____________________________
3. _______________poor ______________________________
4. _______________proud _____________________________
5. _______________weak ______________________________

D. Complete these sentences:
1. Robert ___________________his mother for two cents.
2. “What ____________________you do with the money?
3. “I ________________ it to a poor old lady.”
4. “Why are you so __________________ in the old lady?

E. Write questions using Who, What, When, Where, Why, How much, How many, How far, How often, depending on the underlined word.
1. Robert asked for money. ________________________________________________
2. Robert asked for money.
________________________________________________
3. He asked for two cents. ________________________________________________
4. The lady sells candy in the afternoon. ________________________________________________
5. Robert’s mother gave him some money. ________________________________________________
Write a WHY question about Robert?
6. ________________________________________________


F. CONVERSATION

A LIE = noun
TO LIE = verb lie/lies lied lied
TO TELL A LIE = verb + noun

What is A LITTLE WHITE LIE? A little white lie is a lie you tell so \you won’t harm the other person or so you can benefit by not saying anything.
Do you think it’s OK to tell a “little white lie”?

Example: You tell someone you like their new hairdo; but in fact, you don’t like it at all.

What do you think about telling a little white lie? Talk to your partner and then write your opinion.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________